TCPA regulations prohibit businesses from using automatic telephone dialing systems (ATDS) to contact individuals who have not provided consent. The Act also specifies that these entities are not to use prerecorded messages to communicate with these consumers and must follow procedures for maintaining an updated National Do Not Call (DNC) Registry list and providing an opt-out option for each call.
All marketers, common carriers and businesses are subject to the TCPA rules. Business-to-business (B2B) calls and texts are subject to the same TCPA wireless restrictions as those for business-to-consumer (B2C) calls and texts. Under the TCPA, using any kind of ATDS to send marketing calls or texts to a wireless number is illegal without prior express written consent.
Healthcare marketing is subject to compliance with the Act, but there are slightly different rules based on the Federal Communication Commission’s (FCCs) TCPA healthcare exemption. This exemption encourages healthcare providers and payers to promote public health using reasonable and fair communication channels while still protecting patients and consumers from unwanted marketing calls and text messages. It enables healthcare-covered entities to deliver health-related messages to patients and consumers — as long as they comply with HIPAA regulations and certain conditions, including:
Under HIPAA, messages must be healthcare-related and may not include promotional or financial solicitation (e.g., accounting, billing, or debt collection).
- Messages can only be sent to the wireless phone number provided by the patient.
- Messages must explicitly state the name and contact information of the healthcare entity.
- Messages must be concise, with voice messages under one minute and text messages with fewer than 160 characters.
- Calls must be free to the end user.
- Callers may contact residential consumers only between 8 a.m. and 9 p.m. (recipient’s time zone).
- All communications must offer an easy opt-out.
- Opt-out requests must be honored immediately.
Some states adopt their own TCPA rules — often referred to as “mini-TCPA laws” — and implement broader versions requiring consent for telephonic sales calls, texts and voicemails. Roughly half of states have their own rules for calling times and holidays, and others vary on regulations about one-party versus two-party consent in recording telephone conversations.
In a one-party consent state, callers must obtain a consumer’s written consent for marketing messages for each seller. Two-party consent requires both parties to agree to the recording, typically at the start of the conversation.